Keywords
dissemination
bronchoscopy
sarcoidosis
tuberculosis
Abstract
Disseminated lung diseases is a group of pathologies characterized by damage to the small airways, alveoli, interstitium of the lungs united by a common symptom, dissemination in the lung tissue detected by X-ray. Pathologies included in the DLD group are numerous, and differential diagnosis between them is difficult, due to the similarity of symptoms and the absence of pathognomonic signs. Transbronchial cryobiopsy of the lungs is a relatively new technique, currently used in diagnostics, along with other methods of morphological verification in disseminated lung diseases. However, there are only sporadic publications on its use in Russia. The article describes the first experience of using transbronchial cryobiopsy in patients with disseminated lung diseases after negative transbronchial biopsy.
Objective. To obtain the first cli nical experience with the TBLC method. To assess the role and efficacy of TBLC in the diagnosis of DLDs.
Materials and methods. Patients with oncology in medical history or with previous tuberculosis were not included into the study; a total of 15 patients were included. The process was verified in 11 (73.33%) patients. Of these, sarcoidosis of the lungs was detected in 8 (72.73%) cases, pulmonary tuberculosis in 2 (18.18%), idiopathic interstitial pneumonia in 1 (9.09%). Complications were recorded in 2 patients (13.33%): apical pneumothorax, which did not require pleural cavity drainage; and pulmonary hemorrhage requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation.
Conclusions. Transbronchial cryobiopsy in patients with disseminated lung disease after unsuccessful transbronchial lung biopsy appears to be a highly informative and relatively safe procedure. Cryobiopsy through a rigid bronchoscope tube appears to be safer. TBLC from the apex of the lungs, as well as in smokers, seems to be a more difficult task to verify, but this requires further studies.